Article 15 of the Indian Constitution prohibits the State from discriminating against any citizen on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth. It also restricts citizens from being subjected to any disability or restriction in public spaces like shops, restaurants, and roads on these grounds.
However, the article allows the State to make special provisions for women, children, socially and educationally backward classes, and economically weaker sections, which includes affirmative actions like reservations.